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PrEP, an acronym from ''Pr''e-''E''xposure ''P''rophylaxis, is the use of prescription drugs by people who do not have HIV/AIDS as a strategy for the prevention of HIV/AIDS. It is an optional treatment which may be taken by people who are HIV negative, but who have substantial, higher-than-average risk of contracting an HIV infection. Currently, the only drug which any health organization recommends for PrEP is Truvada, which is the brand name of the Gilead Sciences drug combination of tenofovir/emtricitabine. The Centers for Disease Control says that "PrEP is a powerful HIV prevention tool and can be combined with condoms and other prevention methods to provide even greater protection than when used alone. But people who use PrEP must commit to taking the drug every day and seeing their health care provider for follow-up every 3 months." One of PrEP's active ingredients, tenofovir disoproxil (TDF), is a nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor. TDF effectively blocks HIV from incorporating its genetic material into the host's genome, and thus prevents HIV infection. 〔http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3139281/?report=printable#ref13〕 PrEP is intended for use with condoms, so that each method can compensate for essential or casual efficacy deficits of the other.〔 PrEP is sometimes used by those who do not wish to use condoms and who intend to have unprotected sex. There are social groups which both support and oppose the use of PrEP. ==Medical uses== In the United States, federal guidelines recommend the use of PrEP for HIV negative people with the following characteristics: *in a serodiscordant sexual relationship, meaning that the HIV-negative person regularly has sex with an HIV positive person〔 *anyone who is not in a monogamous relationship with an HIV negative person, and who... * *is a man who has sex with men, and...〔 * * *has had sex without a condom in the past six months〔 * * *has had any sexually transmitted infection in the past six months〔 * *does not regularly use condoms during sex, and who has sex with people of unknown HIV status who are at high risk of contracting HIV〔 *anyone who has injected illicit drugs in the past six months, shared recreational drug injection equipment with other drug users in the past six months, or who has been in treatment for injection drug use in the past six months〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pre-exposure prophylaxis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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